Selective sorption of a Ge(IV) oxoanion by composite sorbent with hydrous oxide of cerium

In this work, composite sorbent based on hydrous cerium oxide was used for selective removal of a Ge (IV) oxoanion. Experiments were carried out by batch equilibrium tests and dynamic column sorption. The best sorption capacity of the Ge(IV) anion was reached at a pH of 9, where the sorption capacity was about 1.1 g/L. The negative effect of chlorides and sulfates was not observed in the concentration range of 100–1000 mg/L. The optimal flow rate for Ge(VI) sorption by sorbent CeO₂/XAD-7 was determined to be 6–12 BV/h. For regeneration, 10 BV of 1 mol/L HCl solution was used.     

Uncertainty quantification via bayesian inference using sequential monte carlo methods for CO2 adsorption process

This work presents the uncertainty quantification, which includes parametric inference along with uncertainty propagation, for CO₂ adsorption in a hollow fiber sorbent, a complex dynamic chemical process. Parametric inference via Bayesian approach is performed using Sequential Monte Carlo, a completely parallel algorithm, and the predictions are obtained by propagating the posterior distribution through the model. The presence of residual variability in the observed data and model inadequacy often present a significant challenge in performing the parametric inference. In this work, residual variability in the observed data is handled by three different approaches: (a) by performing inference with isolated data sets, (b) by increasing the uncertainty in model parameters, and finally, (c) by using a model discrepancy term to account for the uncertainty. The pros and cons of each of the three approaches are illustrated along with the predicted distributions of CO₂ breakthrough capacity for a scaled‐up process. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 3352–3368, 2016     

氨基膦酸改性硅胶吸附分离铂和钯

采用化学接枝法合成了氨基膦酸改性硅胶吸附剂,考察了其对溶液中铂（Pt）和钯（Pd）的吸附分离性能,测试了溶液pH值、吸附时间、初始金属离子浓度、离子强度和固液比对吸附的影响,并考察了改性硅胶吸附剂的重复使用性能。改性硅胶吸附剂对Pt和Pd的吸附主要受溶液pH值影响,而离子强度和固液比对吸附的影响不大。吸附过程符合准二级吸附动力学模型和Langmuir等温吸附方程。改性硅胶吸附剂180 min时,pH=2时对Pt的平衡吸附容量为18.5 mg/g,pH=6时对Pd的平衡吸附容量为29.9 mg/g,利用改性硅胶吸附剂不同pH值条件下的吸附行为差异可分离回收溶液中的Pt和Pd。用5 mL 0.1 mol/L HNO₃为基质的6%硫脲溶液可实现Pt和Pd的解吸,解吸率分别为99.3%和99.2%。所合成的氨基膦酸硅胶吸附材料可回收重复使用。     

Laboratory simulated slipstream testing of novel sulfur removal processes for gasification application

The Wabash River Integrated Methanol and Power Production from Clean Coal Technologies (IMPPCCT) project is investigating an Early Entrance Coproduction Plant (EECP) concept to evaluate integrated electrical power generation and methanol production from coal and other carbonaceous feedstocks. Research, development and testing (RD&T) that is currently being conducted under the project is evaluating cost effective process systems for removing contaminants, particularly sulfur species, from the generated gas which contains mainly synthesis gas (syngas), CO₂ and steam at concentrations acceptable for the methanol synthesis catalyst. The RD&T includes laboratory testing followed by bench-scale and field testing at the SG Solutions Gasification Plant located in West Terre Haute, Indiana. Actual synthesis gas produced by the plant was utilized at system pressure and temperature for bench-scale field testing.     

活性碳和5A分子筛的吸附特性及其在真空获得中的作用

评述了活性碳和５Ａ分子筛的吸附等温线及其在真空佩温绝热夹层真空获得中的作用。分析了真空夹层抽真空除气时用Ｎ＿２气置换以及用“多次吸附－脱附Ｎ＿２气”方法活化吸附剂等先进工艺的机理。论述了根据吸附剂吸水的吸附等温线，合理确定活化工艺条件的方法。     

加压热煤气脱硫技术研究初步结果

新建成了一套热煤气脱硫剂试验台架系统,加压流化床操作,已成功地投入运行。进行了钛酸锌脱硫剂的初步试验,并取得了4个循环试验的结果。     

活性炭吸附剂控制Hg排放的研究进展

活性炭吸附剂表现出较好的物理与化学性能,经催化处理得到的较高O、N含量的活性炭可提高其吸附能力。利用活性炭吸附剂控制烟气Hg排放,必须考虑SO2、NOx和Hg之间的相互影响。     

工业碱基废弃物的固硫性能研究

利用高温管式炉和TGA/SDTA851e热重分析仪对工业碱基废弃物的固硫性能进行了试验研究,采用压氮法对工业碱基废弃物的孔结构进行了研究。结果表明:工业碱基废弃物具有良好的固硫性能和孔结构,作为高效的燃煤固硫剂具有实用价值。     

Mineralogy of clean coal combustion by-products

Coal combustion technologies are changing in order to burn coal more cleanly. Many “clean combustion“ and postcombustion technologies are developed to remove SO2 and NOx gases, particulate matter during combustion, or from the flue gases leaving the furnace. This paper focuses on three types of fly ash (flue gas desulfurization (FGD) residuals, atmospheric fluidized bed combustion (AFBC) residuals and sorbent duct injection (SDI) residuals) which produced by “the clean combustion“ and postcombustion technologies. The residuals formed by FGD are PCFA (pulverized coal fly ash) grains entrained with reacted and unreacted sorbent and have lower bulk densities than PCFA grains because it contains higher concentrations of calcium and sulfur, and lower concentrations of silicon, aluminum and iron than PCFAs. AFBC residuals consist of spent bed which is a heterogeneous mixture of coarse-grained bed material and irregularly shaped, unfused, spherical PCFAs. The main crystalline phases in AFBC residuals are anhydrite (reacted sorbent), quartz and lime (unreacted sobent), calcite, hematite, periclase, magnetite and feldspars.The residuals produced by SDI contained 65%-70% PCFA with the larger sizes material being irregularly shaped, fused or roughedged. The reaction products of sorbent (portlandite and lime) included calcium sulfate (anhydrite) and calcium sulfate. The chemical properties of these residuals are similar to those of high calcium PCFAs because of the high alkalinity and high pH of these residuals.     

燃煤炉预混-喷钙二段脱硫技术研究

文章指出煤燃烧高温脱硫3方面难点：（1）石灰石分解速率低于煤燃烧时硫析出速率；（2）脱硫产物在CaSO41200℃以上再分解；（3）CaO颗粒高温严重烧结，对此，提出二段脱硫工艺，即一部分添加剂与煤预混进行料层脱硫，另一部分喷入炉内捕捉烟气中硫，建立了10t/h链条炉二段脱硫示范装置，试验和运行结果表明锅炉除尘器前脱硫率达到70％以上，除尘器后，烟气经半干法处理可达到80－90％。